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Joint Replacement

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Joint Replacement

The joint surfaces wear off due to age-related changes and this condition is broadly called arthritis. However, some conditions like Rheumatoid, Sickle cell disease, Trauma or Avascular necrosis (bone death) can also cause the joint lining to get destroyed. The end result is a very painful joint with deformity, swelling and loss of movement. Joint replacement is the operation to remove the damaged joint lining and replace it with metal parts called implants. Joint replacement is a very successful operation when done using good technique and implants. It provides complete relief from the arthritic pain, improves joint motion and corrects any deformity (get a straight leg). With modern anaesthesia and techniques, the patient can start walking on the day of surgery itself. Dr. Shekhar has an experience of having performed almost 1000 joint replacement surgeries till date.

Knee Replacement

In Total Knee Replacement (TKR), the damaged joint surfaces of the thigh bone, shin bone and knee cap are removed. This is replaced by metal implants of the same thickness which are fixed to the bone with a special chemical mix called bone cement. The joint space in between in filled using a plastic spacer called insert. The metallic implants can be of several types like cobalt-chrome, titanium alloy, oxynium or ‘gold’. The implanted joint is called a prosthesis. This usually lasts for 15-20 years when used correctly. Sometimes, when only the inner side of the knee is damaged, just that area is replaced. This is known as Partial Knee Replacement.

Hip Replacement

The damaged acetabulum (cup) is prepared and a metallic titanium shell is inserted which is fixed with screws or bone cement. The shell is covered a plastic or ceramic component called liner. The damaged femoral head (ball) is removed and a metallic component called stem is inserted in the thigh bone. A ball made of metal or ceramic or oxynium is fixed at the top of the stem. The life of a total hip replacement is about 15-20 years when used correctly.

There are certain limitations of a joint replacement operation. After this surgery, the patient should not sit on the floor (padmasana), squat or use an Indian type of toilet. Some physiotherapy is also important after this surgery so that patient can regain his/her muscle strength and balance.